A series of factors can affect the resting heart rate for women. These are:

1. Age.

Ageing affects resting heart rate. Changes in the cardiovascular system and cardiac function bring about an age-related drop in the average pulse rate for women.

2. Fitness Levels.

Fitness levels have a significant impact on heart rate in women. Regular exercise and improved fitness lead to a lower resting heart rate due to a stronger and more efficient cardiovascular system.

3. Smoking Habits.

Smoking has an adverse effect on the heart rate in women. The chemicals in tobacco constrict blood vessels and stimulate the release of stress hormones. Smoking also damages the cardiovascular system, putting more stress on the heart. This increases the average heart rate for women.

4. Cardiovascular Ailments.

Cardiovascular disease can significantly impact the normal pulse rate for females. Abnormal heart rhythms i.e. irregular or higher than normal pulse rate can be indicative of impending coronary artery disease or heart attack.

5. Environmental Factors.

Air temperature can influence heart rate in women. Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, cause the body to work harder to regulate its internal temperature. In response, the heart rate may increase as the body tries to cool down or warm up, maintaining  optimal temperature range.

4. Cardiovascular Ailments.

Cardiovascular disease can significantly impact the normal pulse rate for female. Abnormal heart rhythms i.e. irregular or higher than normal pulse rate can be indicative of impending coronary artery disease or heart attack.

5. Environmental Factors.

Air temperature can influence heart rate in women. Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can cause the body to work harder to regulate its internal temperature. In response, the heart rate may increase as the body tries to cool down or warm up, maintaining its optimal temperature range.

6. Menstrual Cycle.

Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle can disturb the normal pulse rate for women. The fluctuations in oestrogen and progesterone levels during this time cause variations in heart rate. Some women may experience a slightly higher heart rate during certain phases of their menstrual cycle, although the changes are generally within the normal range.

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