Skin cancer, including melanoma, is a disease where malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the skin. It is primarily caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, which damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations and uncontrolled cell growth. There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, with melanoma being the most dangerous due to its tendency to spread to other parts of the body.

To prevent skin cancer, it's crucial to take protective measures against UV radiation. This includes wearing sunscreen with a high SPF, seeking shade, wearing protective clothing and wide-brimmed hats, and avoiding tanning beds. Regular skin checks for new or changing moles and spots can also help with early detection, which significantly improves treatment outcomes. Additionally, staying informed about the UV index and limiting sun exposure during peak hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.) can further reduce the risk.