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Overall, the likely impact of climate change in the form of extreme events like floods and draughts would have considerable social and economic consequences in the country, where a majority of population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture for livelihood. Thus, coping strategies for possible climate change situations should be a part of planning and management of water resources including the adaptation measures.

Water Cooperation

Cooperation amongst various stakeholders is critical, if we have to address the challenges concerning water security. Water issues are multi-dimensional and complex in nature which are often not confined to the boundaries of a nation but are linked to the neighbouring countries and other areas of the region. Thus, all nations and their water communities must come together to help build a water sustainable future for all. Transboundary freshwaters cover 45% of the world’s land mass, connecting two or more countries in water resources above and below the earth’s surface. Thus, water cooperation, that is, the peaceful management and use of freshwater resources at local, national, regional and international levels among various players and sectors is inevitable to achieve the desired results.

The concept of water cooperation entails working together towards a common goal, in a way that is mutually beneficial. As the world faces a crisis of climate change and lack of progress on the Sustainable Development Goals, the need for global communities and countries to work together for our shared future is more urgent than ever.  At the international level water appears to provide reasons for transboundary cooperation. Tools to enhance water cooperation such as legal frameworks and institutional arrangements, joint monitoring and assessment, mediation and dispute resolution mechanisms, and cost and benefit sharing should be employed to achieve the desired results. It is seen that many international communities are working in this direction.

There is every possibility of deepening of the water conflicts among various uses and among various users are on rise adding to the complexity in management of water resources.

To be continued...