The Sikh independence movement, also known as the Khalistan movement, began as an armed insurgency in the late 1980s with Sikhs demanding a separate homeland. This movement was centered in northern Punjab state, where Sikhs are the majority, making up about 1.7% of India’s total population.

Canada, home to approximately 1.4 to 1.8 million Canadians of Indian origin, has the highest population of Sikhs outside of Punjab. The concentration of this population has contributed to the resurgence of Sikh separatism in the country. In recent years, there have been several instances of Khalistan flags seen outside Sikh temples, and Sikh activists have been accused of vandalizing Hindu temples with anti-India graffiti.

The Canadian government has been accused of downplaying the security implications of the consolidation of these movements due to the significant voting power held by Sikh communities, particularly in swing states and constituencies. However, recent events have escalated tensions between India and Canada, including allegations of Indian government involvement in the killing of a Sikh activist on Canadian soil which India has dismissed and absurd .

These developments pose significant challenges for India and Western countries. For India, it revives the ghosts of past conflicts and poses threats to its internal stability and security. For Western countries, it raises questions about the balance between upholding liberal values and freedom of expression and ensuring national security.

As Sikh separatism gains traction in Western countries, it is crucial to address these issues responsibly and diplomatically, respecting the rights of diasporic communities while also safeguarding national security interests.